Nyob rau hauv peb lub neej niaj hnub, cov khoom yas yog ubiquitous. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem ib puag ncig nce zuj zus los ntawm cov yas yas tau ua rau tib neeg tshawb nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev ruaj ntseg. Qhov no yog qhov uas bioplastics tuaj ua si. Ntawm lawv, pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ua ib feem ntawm bioplastics. Yog li, dab tsi raws nraim yog lub luag haujlwm ntawmcornstarch hauv bioplastics?
1. Dab tsi yog Bioplastics?
Bioplastics yog cov yas ua los ntawm cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv dua tshiab xws li cov nroj tsuag lossis cov kab mob. Tsis zoo li cov yas yas, bioplastics yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, yog li ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig tsawg. Pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab, ntawm lawv, feem ntau yog siv los ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv bioplastics.
2.Lub luag haujlwm ntawm pob kws Starch hauv Bioplastics
Pob kws starch feem ntau ua haujlwm peb lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb:
Cornstarch plays lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txhim kho, ruaj khov thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm hauv bioplastics. Nws yog ib qho polymer uas tuaj yeem ua ke nrog lwm cov biodegradable polymers lossis plasticizers los tsim cov qauv ruaj khov. Los ntawm kev ntxiv cov additives tsim nyog rau pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab, lub hardness, yooj thiab degradation tus nqi ntawm bioplastics tuaj yeem hloov kho, ua rau lawv tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov sib txawv.
Txhim kho Mechanical Strength: Kev suav nrog pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog thiab tensile lub zog ntawm bioplastics, ua rau lawv ruaj khov dua.
Txhim kho kev ua tau zoo: Lub xub ntiag ntawm pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua rau bioplastics ntau malleable thaum lub sij hawm ua, yooj yim rau zus tau tej cov ntau yam zoo li cov khoom.
Tsis tas li ntawd, pob kws starch muaj biodegradability zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tsim nyog, cov kab mob tuaj yeem zom cov pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab rau hauv cov organic sib txuas yooj yim, thaum kawg ua tiav kev degradation. Qhov no tso cai rau bioplastics kom rov ua dua tshiab tom qab siv, txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig.
Txawm li cas los xij, pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab kuj muaj qee qhov kev nyuaj. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv high-temperature los yog high-humidity ib puag ncig, bioplastics yog nquag poob stability, cuam tshuam lawv lifespan thiab kev ua tau zoo. Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom ua haujlwm nrhiav cov tshuaj ntxiv tshiab lossis txhim kho cov txheej txheem tsim khoom los txhim kho cov cua sov thiab noo noo tsis kam ntawm bioplastics.
3.Kev siv cov pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab hauv cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb
Daim ntawv thov ntawm pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab nyob rau hauv tej bioplastics nws txawv nyob ntawm seb cov khoom uas xav tau thiab npaj siv cov khoom kawg. Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv:
Polylactic Acid (PLA): PLA yog bioplastic feem ntau muab los ntawm pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab. Pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua haujlwm pub rau kev tsim cov lactic acid, uas tom qab ntawd polymerized los ua PLA. PLA txhawb nqa nrog pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv dag zog, xws li lub zog tensile thiab kev cuam tshuam. Ntxiv mus, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab tuaj yeem txhim kho biodegradability ntawm PLA, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov uas ib puag ncig kev txhawj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb, xws lipov tseg cutlery, ntim khoom noj, thiab ua liaj ua teb mulch films.
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA): PHA yog lwm hom bioplastic uas tuaj yeem tsim siv pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua cov pa roj carbon. Pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab yog fermented los ntawm cov kab mob los tsim polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), uas yog ib hom PHA. PHAs ntxiv dag zog nrog pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab yuav muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo dua thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Cov bioplastics no pom cov ntawv thov hauv ntau yam, suav nrog kev ntim khoom, khoom siv kho mob, thiab kev ua liaj ua teb.
Starch-Based Bioplastics: Qee zaum, pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab tau ua tiav ncaj qha rau hauv bioplastics yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem polymerization ntxiv. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab raws li bioplastics feem ntau muaj cov hmoov nplej pob kws, cov yas yas, thiab cov khoom ntxiv los txhim kho cov txheej txheem thiab kev siv kawg. Cov bioplastics no yog siv rau hauv daim ntawv thov xws li cov hnab pov tseg, cov thawv ntim khoom noj, thiab cov tais diav pov tseg.
Kev sib xyaw nrog Lwm Cov Khoom Siv Biodegradable Polymers: Pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab kuj tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog lwm cov biodegradable polymers, xws li polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polycaprolactone (PCL), los yog polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT), los tsim bioplastics nrog cov khoom zoo. Cov khoom sib xyaw no muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab lub zog, hloov tau yooj yim, thiab biodegradability, ua rau lawv haum rau ntau yam kev siv xws li ntim khoom mus rau kev ua liaj ua teb.
4. Cov lus xaus
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab hauv bioplastics mus dhau kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm; nws kuj tseem pab txo qis kev vam khom ntawm cov khoom siv roj av ib txwm muaj, tsav kev txhim kho cov khoom siv hauv eco. Nrog rau kev nce qib hauv thev naus laus zis, peb cia siab tias yuav pom cov khoom lag luam bioplastic ntau dua tshiab raws li cov peev txheej txuas ntxiv dua tshiab xws li pob kws hmoov txhuv nplej siab.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua lub luag haujlwm ntau yam hauv bioplastics, tsis tsuas yog txhim kho cov qauv kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov yas, tab sis kuj txhawb nqa lawv cov biodegradability, yog li txo qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig. Nrog kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis tsis tu ncua thiab kev tsim kho tshiab, bioplastics tau npaj los ua lub luag haujlwm ntau dua los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua rau peb lub ntiaj teb ib puag ncig.
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Post lub sij hawm: Mar-20-2024
